REVISIONES, METAANÁLISIS Y ENSAYOS
Plantas medicinales y compuestos puros con efecto protector ante el daño hepático que provoca el metotrexato: Revisión bibliográfica
Medicinal plants and pure compounds with a protective effect against liver damage caused by methotrexate: Bibliographic review
Volumen 5, Número 2
Julio-Diciembre 2021
69-77
María Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes (1).
Afiliaciones:
1. Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de México, México.
Correspondencia:
María Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes: adelinajim08@prodigy.net.mx
© Jiménez-Arellanes MA. Plantas medicinales y compuestos puros con efecto protector ante el daño hepático que provoca el metotrexato: Revisión bibliográfica.
Esta obra se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC).
Conflictos de Interés: Ninguno.
Fuentes de Financiamiento: La autora declara que no recibió apoyo financiero de personas físicas o morales.
Sugerencia de cita:
Jiménez-Arellanes MA. Plantas medicinales y compuestos puros con efecto protector ante el daño hepático que provoca el metotrexato: Revisión bibliográfica. Rev Cadena Cereb. 2021; 5(2): 69-77.
Recibido: 7 de abril de 2021.
Aceptado: 8 de junio de 2021.
Publicado: 18 de julio de 2021.
RESUMEN
La hepatotoxicidad es el principal efecto secundario que provoca el metotrexato, fármaco muy utilizado para tratar enfermedades autoinmunes, tumores malignos, cáncer, psoriasis, asma, artritis reumatoide (AR), lupus, embarazo ectópico, leucemia y otros padecimientos. En los últimos años se están realizando investigaciones in vivo enfocadas a la búsqueda de agentes hepatoprotectores que ayuden a disminuir el daño causado por este fármaco.
Este trabajo está enfocado a describir el efecto hepatoprotector de algunos compuestos sintéticos y naturales (carvacrol, floridzina, berberina, pentoxifilina, ácido clorogénico, ácido gálico, resveratrol, licopeno, carvacrol, ácido alfa lipoico, ozono y melatonina); así como los extractos orgánicos de plantas medicinales (Curcuma longa, Balanites aegyptica, Morus nigra, Spinacea oleracea y el propóleo) que previenen y/o protegen al hígado del daño causado por el metotrexato. La mayoría de estas evaluaciones han sido realizados en modelos in vivo, empleando principalmente ratas.
Palabras Clave:
Hepatotoxicidad; metotrexato; artritis reumatoide; plantas medicinales; compuestos puros; hepatoprotección.
ABSTRACT
Hepatotoxicity is the main side effect caused by metho-trexate, a drug widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, malig-nant tumors, cancer, psoriasis, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), lupus, ectopic pregnancy, leukemia and for other diseases. In recent years, in vivo research has been carried out focused on the search for hepatoprotective agents that help reduce the damage caused by this drug.
This review is focused on describing the hepatoprotective effect of some synthetic and natural compounds (carvacrol, floridzine, berberine, pentoxifylline, chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, resveratrol, lycopene, carvacrol, alpha lipoic acid, ozone and mela-tonin); as well as organic extracts from medicinal plants (Curcuma longa, Balanites aegyptica, Morus nigra, Spinacea oleracea and pro-polis) that prevent and/or protect the liver from damage caused by methotrexate. Most of these evaluations have been carried out in in vivo models, mainly using rats.
Keywords:
Hepatotoxicity; methotrexate toxicity; rheumatoid arthritis; medicinal plants; pure compounds; hepatoprotection.
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